Vaccine

Unmoderated except for TOU and security breaches.
User avatar
Intrinsic
Advanced Grower
Karma Hippie
Karma Hippie
Has bestowed Karma : 1751 times
Received Karma : 1535 times
Posts: 7653
Joined: Thu May 21, 2009 10:51 am

Vaccine

Post by Intrinsic »

https://www.medicalnewstoday.com/articl ... re-caveats" onclick="window.open(this.href);return false;

We have been following Prof. Sarah Gilbert and her team’s progress since April 2020, when she told The Times that she is hoping to have a vaccine ready by September. Her team’s vaccine uses a chimp adenovirus that is harmless to humans as a vector.

Since April, the vaccine has shown promise in monkeys and pigs. A couple of weeks ago, we reported that the scientists, from the University of Oxford’s Jenner Institute in the United Kingdom, were recruiting participants for human trials.

Now, the results of the first phase of these clinical trials appear in the journal The Lancet. In the paper, the authors explain that this was a single-blind, randomized controlled trial that took place across five trial centers in the U.K.

The trial included a total of 1,077 healthy participants, all aged 18–55. Of the volunteers, 543 received the vaccine — known technically as ChAdOx1 nCoV-19 but more commonly referred to as the Oxford vaccine, or the AstraZeneca vaccine — and 534 received a control vaccine.

All of the participants who received the Oxford vaccine developed SARS-CoV-2-neutralizing antibodies within 2 weeks. Most of them (32 out of 35) developed them after receiving a single dose.

A group of 10 participants received two doses, and in this group, all developed immune responses. In other words, this phase of the human trial confirmed what the previous trial in pigs had shown: that two doses are better than one.

Furthermore, the vaccine triggered immune responses in T cells, which are key “fighters” in our immune system. These responses peaked 2 weeks after the injection and remained for 2 months. The quantity of antibodies peaked at day 28 and remained for 56 days.

Regarding adverse reactions, the vaccine caused some mild side effects, including “pain, feeling feverish, chills, muscle ache, headache, and malaise.” However, taking acetaminophen preventively eased these side effects.

Study co-author Prof. Andrew Pollard, chief investigator of the Oxford vaccine trial, comments on the findings, saying, “The interim phase I/II data for our coronavirus vaccine show that the vaccine did not lead to any unexpected reactions and had a similar safety profile to previous vaccines of this type.”

“The immune responses observed following vaccination are in line with what we expect will be associated with protection against the SARS-CoV-2 virus, although we must continue with our rigorous clinical trial program to confirm this,” he adds.

User avatar
Intrinsic
Advanced Grower
Karma Hippie
Karma Hippie
Has bestowed Karma : 1751 times
Received Karma : 1535 times
Posts: 7653
Joined: Thu May 21, 2009 10:51 am

Vaccine

Post by Intrinsic »

The importance of clinical trials’ phase III

On this point, experts explain why we should still maintain caution despite the fact that these early results are so encouraging.

Prof. Ball says: “It is unclear whether the levels of immunity can protect against infection — that’s what the larger ongoing phase III trials are designed to test. Nor do we know if this vaccine can protect those most vulnerable to severe COVID-19 disease.”

Prof. Stephen Evans, at the London School of Hygiene and Tropical Medicine in the U.K., also stresses the importance of phase III in the Oxford vaccine trial.

“The key elements required to proceed to a phase III trial are all there,” he acknowledges. “The responses measured in the blood and the absence of serious harms indicate there is a possibility of an effective vaccine against COVID-19.”

However, he adds, “It does not yet show that the disease is reduced or prevented, and this will not be easy to show until phase III trials have been completed in settings where the SARS-CoV-2 virus is circulating at a high rate and people are getting clinical and severe disease.”

The third phase will help establish crucial elements for the success of a vaccine, such as protecting the most vulnerable people and lasting for a longer period of time.

“For the vaccine to be really useful, we not only need the larger studies conducted where COVID-19 is still occurring at a high rate, but we need to be reasonably sure that the protection lasts for a considerable time,” says Prof. Evans. “The results on efficacy have not been presented.”

Phase II/III trials are currently ongoing in the U.K., Brazil, and South Africa, and they will also start in the United States.

User avatar
Intrinsic
Advanced Grower
Karma Hippie
Karma Hippie
Has bestowed Karma : 1751 times
Received Karma : 1535 times
Posts: 7653
Joined: Thu May 21, 2009 10:51 am

Vaccine

Post by Intrinsic »

Chinese vaccine ‘also worked,’ but there are caveats

Experts are also weighing in on the results of a trial led by Chinese-based researchers that tested another vaccine. The results of this trial also appear in the journal The Lancet.

Whereas researchers tested the Oxford vaccine in phase I/II, the Chinese study was a “randomized, double-blind, placebo-controlled, phase II trial.”

Prof. Wei Chen, from the Beijing Institute of Biotechnology in China, is the last and corresponding author of the new paper.

For the trial, Prof. Chen and team enrolled 508 healthy adults, all aged 18 and older. Of these, the researchers assigned 253 to a group that received the vaccine at a higher dose and 129 to a group that received it at a lower dose. A group of 126 participants received a placebo.

Approximately 61% of the participants were aged 18–44 years, 26% were aged 45–54 years, and only 13% were aged 55 years or older.

Here, too, 95% of the participants in the high dose group showed immune responses at day 28 after vaccination, while 91% of participants did so in the lower dose group.

The team notes no serious adverse reactions. Around 1% of the participants in the lower dose group and 9% of those in the higher dose group experienced severe adverse reactions.

The vaccine, called the Ad5-vectored vaccine, “is safe and induced significant immune responses in the majority of recipients after a single immunization,” conclude the paper’s authors.

However, the intervention was less effective in older adults who had “high preexisting anti-Ad5 immunity.”

As Prof. Chen and colleagues write, “In some participants with high preexisting anti-Ad5 immunity, one injection of the vaccine might be inadequate to induce a high level of humoral immune responses, particularly for people aged 55 years.”

Commenting on these findings, Prof. Chen says, “Since [older adults] face a high risk of serious illness and even death associated with COVID-19 infection, they are an important target population for a COVID-19 vaccine.”

“It is possible that an additional dose may be needed in order to induce a stronger immune response in [older adults], but further research is underway to evaluate this.”

User avatar
rSin
Karma Hippie
Karma Hippie
Custom Title: world where everone gets
Location: neck deep
Has bestowed Karma : 1668 times
Received Karma : 1063 times
Posts: 7295
Joined: Fri Mar 26, 2010 8:12 pm

Vaccine

Post by rSin »

Just.wait.till.the.dog.eat.dog.of.the.deal.as.other.vaccines.come.up.better.than.the.first.one...
the intolerance of the old order is emerging from the rosy mist in which it has hitherto been obscured.

User avatar
rSin
Karma Hippie
Karma Hippie
Custom Title: world where everone gets
Location: neck deep
Has bestowed Karma : 1668 times
Received Karma : 1063 times
Posts: 7295
Joined: Fri Mar 26, 2010 8:12 pm

Vaccine

Post by rSin »

When.better.ones.start.to.be.shown...
the intolerance of the old order is emerging from the rosy mist in which it has hitherto been obscured.

User avatar
Intrinsic
Advanced Grower
Karma Hippie
Karma Hippie
Has bestowed Karma : 1751 times
Received Karma : 1535 times
Posts: 7653
Joined: Thu May 21, 2009 10:51 am

Vaccine

Post by Intrinsic »

Lets not get too ahead of ourselves ...
What would you do if you were offered to be a test human stage 3 trial.

User avatar
rSin
Karma Hippie
Karma Hippie
Custom Title: world where everone gets
Location: neck deep
Has bestowed Karma : 1668 times
Received Karma : 1063 times
Posts: 7295
Joined: Fri Mar 26, 2010 8:12 pm

Vaccine

Post by rSin »

Not.a.chance.probably.not.even.when.its.past.given.the.expidited.process.thats.allowed
the intolerance of the old order is emerging from the rosy mist in which it has hitherto been obscured.

User avatar
rSin
Karma Hippie
Karma Hippie
Custom Title: world where everone gets
Location: neck deep
Has bestowed Karma : 1668 times
Received Karma : 1063 times
Posts: 7295
Joined: Fri Mar 26, 2010 8:12 pm

Vaccine

Post by rSin »

Its.official.Given.the.expedited.process
the intolerance of the old order is emerging from the rosy mist in which it has hitherto been obscured.

User avatar
Intrinsic
Advanced Grower
Karma Hippie
Karma Hippie
Has bestowed Karma : 1751 times
Received Karma : 1535 times
Posts: 7653
Joined: Thu May 21, 2009 10:51 am

Vaccine

Post by Intrinsic »

Are you saying you're an anti vaxxer , or after our D fauci still looks good 2 weeks later

User avatar
rSin
Karma Hippie
Karma Hippie
Custom Title: world where everone gets
Location: neck deep
Has bestowed Karma : 1668 times
Received Karma : 1063 times
Posts: 7295
Joined: Fri Mar 26, 2010 8:12 pm

Vaccine

Post by rSin »

Nnot.anti.just.cautious.the...industry.is.dirty
the intolerance of the old order is emerging from the rosy mist in which it has hitherto been obscured.

Post Reply